Arabic Calligraphy
Monumental Calligraphy
Arabic calligraphy was one of the main characteristics that distinguished architecture of the Islamic period.’
From early on in the Islamic world, calligraphic inscriptions were applied to a variety of architecture: religious, military, civic and private. Arabic calligraphy was one of the main characteristics by which to distinguish architecture of the Islamic period. The earliest surviving building that displays this element is the 1st- / 7th-century Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem.
Dome of the Rock

Hegira 72 / AD 691
Umayyad
Jerusalem
The inscription band nearest the centre of the Dome displays a verse from the Qur'an, the 'Throne Verse' (2: 255) from the Qur'an in thuluth script.