The Muslim West
Science and knowledge
Hydraulic science and technology
Muslim rulers continuously worked to ensure their people were supplied with water, a task to which they applied the scientific knowledge available at the time. The most robust installations used to supply water have survived, such as dykes, aqueducts and norias (waterwheels).
Sahrij Swani (Basin of the Norias)

Hegira 11th–12th centuries / AD 17th–18th centuries
Alawid
Meknès, Morocco
The largest norias were installed alongside rivers, powered by the current. They were part of a complex irrigation system that was used to water the fields.